1. Poverty has reduced in some states like Jammu & Kashmir and Tamilnadu.
2.It has increased in states like bihar & West Bengal.
3.It has remained unchanged in some states.
A decline: There has been a substantial decline in the poverty ratios in India
from about 55 per cent in 1973 to 36 per cent in 1993. The proportion of people
below poverty line further came down to about 26 percent in 2000. Although the
percentage of people living in poverty declined from 1973 to 1993, the number
of poor remained stable around 320 million for a fairly long period. However, as
per the latest estimates, the number of poor has shown a significant decline to
about 260 million.
Rural and urban poor: The poverty trends also indicate that the problem of
poverty is a much bigger menace in the rural areas than it is in the urban areas.
As the greater part of the Indian population resides in the villages, the greater
number of the poor also resides in the villages.
Vulnerable groups: Looked at from the point of view of the various social and
economic groups in the country, the scheduled tribes, the scheduled castes, the
rural agricultural labourers and the urban casual labourers turn out to be the
groups most vulnerable to poverty. Though the average for people below
poverty line for all groups in India is 26, the averages of these groups are higher
than the average Indian poverty ratio.
Poor states: The poverty trends also show that though there has been a decline
in poverty in every state from the early seventies, the success rate of reducing
poverty has varied from state to state. In 20 states and union territories, the
poverty ratio is less than the national average of 26. In others, the poverty ratios
are higher than the national average. Among these, Orrisa and Bihar continue to
be the two poorest states with poverty ratios of 47 and 43 per cent respectively.
On the other hand, states like Kerala, Gujarat, Punjab and Jammu and Kashmir
have shown a significant decline in poverty.
7
Answers
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1. Poverty has reduced in some states like Jammu & Kashmir and Tamilnadu.
2.It has increased in states like bihar & West Bengal.
3.It has remained unchanged in some states.
A decline: There has been a substantial decline in the poverty ratios in India
from about 55 per cent in 1973 to 36 per cent in 1993. The proportion of people
below poverty line further came down to about 26 percent in 2000. Although the
percentage of people living in poverty declined from 1973 to 1993, the number
of poor remained stable around 320 million for a fairly long period. However, as
per the latest estimates, the number of poor has shown a significant decline to
about 260 million.
Rural and urban poor: The poverty trends also indicate that the problem of
poverty is a much bigger menace in the rural areas than it is in the urban areas.
As the greater part of the Indian population resides in the villages, the greater
number of the poor also resides in the villages.
Vulnerable groups: Looked at from the point of view of the various social and
economic groups in the country, the scheduled tribes, the scheduled castes, the
rural agricultural labourers and the urban casual labourers turn out to be the
groups most vulnerable to poverty. Though the average for people below
poverty line for all groups in India is 26, the averages of these groups are higher
than the average Indian poverty ratio.
Poor states: The poverty trends also show that though there has been a decline
in poverty in every state from the early seventies, the success rate of reducing
poverty has varied from state to state. In 20 states and union territories, the
poverty ratio is less than the national average of 26. In others, the poverty ratios
are higher than the national average. Among these, Orrisa and Bihar continue to
be the two poorest states with poverty ratios of 47 and 43 per cent respectively.
On the other hand, states like Kerala, Gujarat, Punjab and Jammu and Kashmir
have shown a significant decline in poverty.
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